The Dialectic of Double Synthesis

The history of society moves as a double dialectical triad. On the one hand, humanity as a whole passes from primitive communism through class society to communism as the Whole. On the other hand, class society itself undergoes its internal development through market and plan, through capitalism and RDP, through capital and anticapital.

The General Triad of History

THESIS
Primitive communism

ANTITHESIS
Class society

SYNTHESIS
Communism / the Whole

Primitive communism is the initial thesis. In it, humanity exists as an original community. This community is still poor, simple, and limited, but it already contains the form of collective existence.

Class society is the antithesis of primitive communism. In it, humanity passes through division into classes, the state, property, exploitation, market, capital, and the struggle of opposing social forces.

Communism is the synthesis of primitive communism and class society. It restores community to humanity, but now on a developed basis: after market, plan, classes, the state, capital, RDP, and the entire history of the productive forces.

The Internal Triad of Class Society

Class society itself has an internal structure. Within it, the thesis of the market and the antithesis of the plan develop.

CLASS SOCIETY

THESIS
Market / capitalist line of development

ANTITHESIS
Plan / anticapitalist line of development / RDP

SYNTHESIS
The Whole / communism / universal economy

The market is the economic form of capitalism. It develops through the commodity, value, price, competition, and the law of profit.

The plan is the economic form of anticapitalism, socialism, and RDP. It develops through conscious goal-setting, accounting, resource allocation, and the law of catching-up development.

The Whole is the synthesis of market and plan. It expresses the highest form of social coordination, where market and plan reach their historical completion in communist form.

The Triad of the Market Line

The market line within class society also passes through its own triad.

THESIS
Slavery

ANTITHESIS
Feudalism

SYNTHESIS
Capitalism

Slavery is the first thesis of class society. Here class domination appears in a direct and crude form.

Feudalism is the antithesis of slavery. Here domination receives a landed, estate-based, and hierarchical form.

Capitalism is the synthesis of this line. It concentrates the development of class society in the form of market, capital, wage labor, value, and the law of profit.

Capitalism completes the market line of class society. At its highest stage, it becomes imperialism.

The Triad of the Anticapitalist Line

The anticapitalist line arises as the antithesis of capitalism and imperialism. It passes through the forms of RDP.

THESIS
RDP of the First Type / USSR / gross economy

ANTITHESIS
RDP of the Second Type / China / Anti-Market economy

SYNTHESIS
RDP of the Third Type / New World / network economy

RDP of the First Type is the Soviet form of RDP. Its economic form is the gross economy. It corresponds to the industrial epoch and to the first historical form of catching-up development of anticapital.

RDP of the Second Type is the Chinese form of RDP. Its economic form is the Anti-Market economy. In it, the Anti-Market acts as the transmission mechanism of Contour B of the digital epoch and catching-up development.

RDP of the Third Type is the future form of RDP. Its economic form is the network economy. It expresses the post-digital form of Contour B, where development is organized through network and nodes as the transmission mechanism of a new historical stage.

Double Synthesis

Communism arises through two syntheses at once.

The First Synthesis

Primitive communism
+
Class society
=
Communism as the Whole

Here communism unites the original community of primitive communism with the development created by class society.

The Second Synthesis

Market / capitalism
+
Plan / RDP / anticapitalism
=
The Whole / universal economy

Here the Whole unites market and plan in their highest form of development. The universal economy unites capitalism and anticapitalism in a higher communist form.

Final Schema

Thus history moves from original community to developed community. Primitive communism gives the initial unity. Class society gives development through division. Capitalism and RDP give the highest forms of market and plan. Communism as the Whole unites these lines in the universal economy.